Journal Articles
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Item To see or be seen? The grounds of the place-based university(Auckland University of Technology (AUT) Library, 2022-11-22) Sturm, SR; Turner, SIn “The Tyranny of Transparency,” Marilyn Strathern argues that, in the neoliberal university, “visibility as a conduit for knowledge is elided with visibility as an instrument for control.” It is, but we would go further. After Deleuze, we would describe the apparatus of the university as an “optical machine”: it is “made of lines of light … distributing the visible and the invisible.” The drive to transparency, or panoptics, dominates the university today – from audit to architecture – and serves what Levien de Cauter calls “transcendental capitalism.” But it obscures a shadow discourse, or scotoptics, which hides invisible “lines of flight” and “fracture” that are transversal to transparency and transcendental capitalism. What this shadow discourse discloses about our university is that it is a transcendental-colonial-Maori place, a place that is palimpsestic and contested, a whenua tautohetohe (contested territory; see Mead). We need to know that our university is more than it seems to be able to conceive of it as a “pluriversity” (de Sousa Santos), a place of possibilities, upbuilding and practical wisdom: a wānanga (place of learning).Item Victim-survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Forced to Participate in Crimes: Some Thoughts on the Potential Application of Discrimination Law(Elsevier, 2024) Tolmie, Julia; Norton, Jane CalderwoodThis article examines the legal position of victim-survivors who offend under coercion from intimate partner violence. It considers whether the unavailability of the defences of compulsion and necessity as a result of the courts' interpretation of those defences in New Zealand constitutes discrimination on the basis of sex. This article adds to the broader literature raising questions about the capacity of discrimination law (as it is currently conceived) to address sex inequality, particularly as it intersects with other forms of inequality based on class and race.Item Victim-Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Who are Forced to Participate in Crimes: Are They Treated Fairly in the Criminal Law?(Elsevier, 2024) Tolmie, Julia; Norton, Jane Calderwood; Wilson, Denise; Kaye, Miranda; Smith, RachelResearch suggests that a portion of female offenders in New Zealand offend in response to intimate partner violence victimisation. It is therefore critical to consider whether coercion because of intimate partner violence is adequately accommodated in the criminal justice response to such offending. In this article we examine the law on party liability and the defences of compulsion and duress of circumstances. We suggest that these defences are not capable of adequately recognising the coercive circumstances that can result in women offending or being held accountable for their male partner's offending by means of the expansive doctrine of party liability. The current law therefore requires urgent reform.Item Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 alpha: a unique receptor variant with variable implications for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis(Wolters Kluwer, 2023-10) Yeung, Jason Hy; Kwakowsky, AndreaAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurodegenerative disorder globally. Despite this, there is minimal effective therapeutics proven to reduce or prevent the progression of this disease. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter within the central nervous system and plays a crucial role in neuronal and synaptic functions. As such, the glutamatergic system is finely regulated within normal physiology, with multiple mechanisms to prevent excessive or insufficient glutamatergic receptor activation. This perspective article aims to highlight pertinent findings regarding metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) expression and function in the AD brain, with a particular focus on the mGluR1α variant and its functional significance, concluding with a discussion regarding its potential as a therapeutic target in future AD studies.Item Dark Entanglement and Visions of the Post-Anthropocene in Battlefield 2042(2024-12-20) May, Lawrence; Hall, BenWhile the revelation of our entanglement with other biological actors and our surrounding environments can radically reshape our relations with Earth, a form of dark entanglement also underlies contemporary life. This darkness is legible through the ways that enmeshed capitalist, geotechnic, and cybernetic infrastructures fuel unsustainable and exploitative human interactions with Earth. This form of dark entanglement also underpins the operational logic of the military-industrial complex. We turn to Battlefield 2042 (DICE, 2021), where player encounters with dark entanglements coalesce into a vision of an apocalyptic post-Anthropocene era. Textual analysis of the game reveals how its narrative and ludic structures plunge players into a harrowing vision of Earth’s future. The entangled forces of capital, geotechnic systems, and military-industrial imperatives emerge as central to the play of Battlefield 2042 and situate players at the point of transition from the Anthropocene era to an apocalyptic post-Anthropocene future. Extending arguments that the material conditions of the Anthropocene have permeated digital media, we suggest that games such as Battlefield 2042 reflect, illuminate, and extrapolate the inexorably necrotic logic of our era. Understanding this intricate web of dark entanglements, including through videogames, is crucial for grappling with the existential challenges that define the Anthropocene and what may follow.Item Ripples of Water in the Letters and Novels of Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury (22 August 1812 – 23 September 1880)(2024-12-04) Connor, HeleneThis article explores ripples of water as a metaphor in the letters and novels of Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury (1812 – 1880). There is a focus on the letters to Jane Walsh Carlyle (1801 – 1866) and Walter Baldock Durrant Mantell (1820 -1895) and the novels, Zoe: The History of Two Lives (1845) and The Half Sister: A Tale (1848). Water as a metaphor reflects and embodies both the world being described and the process of honing that description in text (Mittlefehldt 137). Throughout her letters and novels, the metaphor of water is used to reflect both the everyday and the romantic.Item Companions in Death: Sydney, Lady Morgan (1778-1859), Geraldine Endsor Jewsbury (1812-1880), and Sydney Jane Inwood-Jones (1808-1882) at Brompton Cemetery, London, England(2024-12-04) Connor, HeleneThis article discusses the Morgan table tomb and its three inhabitants within the context of the growth of large cemeteries such as Brompton Cemetery during the Victorian period. It also considers the literary pilgrimages which were influenced by the rise of literary celebrity. Celebrated writers of the nineteenth century, whose fame may have diminished in the twenty-first century deserve to be honoured and preserved within the Victorian literary landscape. For taphophiles interested in a literary tour of Brompton Cemetery, Sydney, Lady Morgan’s grave is a well-recognised site. Honouring and remembering literary celebrities of the nineteenth century is one of the central objectives of this article.Item Biomass Electrocatalysts: Exploiting Haemoglobin-derived Fe Sites Supported by Waste-derived, S and N-enriched Carbon for Efficient Oxygen Electro-reduction(The Electrochemical Society, 2024-11-01) Shilpa, N; Wu, J-X; Waterhouse, GIN; Zhu, B; Travas-Sejdic, J; Williams, DEBiomass resources offer a diverse array of low-cost feedstocks having interesting functional properties for the manufacture of electrocatalysts for the energy sector. In this study, haemoglobin (Hb), lignin, tannic acid and urea were used to make high surface area S, N-codoped carbon electrodes rich in highly dispersed heme-like (Fe-Nx) sites. By pyrolyzing precursor mixtures containing un-purified Hb, lignin, tannic acid and urea, in appropriate mass ratios, a high surface-area S, N-codoped carbon nanostructured electrocatalyst was obtained. The electrocatalyst had surface pyridinic and pyrrolic species together with highly dispersed N-coordinated Fe sites. The developed FeSN/C electrocatalyst exhibited an ORR onset potential of 0.98 V vs. RHE in 0.1 M KOH, a half-wave potential of 0.87 V and a low Tafel slope of 54 mV/dec. This work encourages the design of biomass-derived electrocatalysts for ORR, in particular showing that haemoglobin in bovine blood is suitable for use as an iron source when making Fe-N-C electrocatalysts.Item Therapeutic potential of alpha 5 subunit containing GABAA receptors in Alzheimer’s disease(Wolters Kluwer, 2021-08) Kwakowsky, Andrea; Waldvogel, Henry J; Faull, Richard LMItem iGluR expression in the hippocampal formation, entorhinal cortex, and superior temporal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease(Wolters Kluwer, 2022-10) Y Yeung, Jason H; Waldvogel, Henry J; M Faull, Richard L; Kwakowsky, AndreaItem lyve1 expression reveals novel lymphatic vessels and new mechanisms for lymphatic vessel development in zebrafish(The Company of Biologists Ltd, 2012-07) Okuda, Kazuhide S; Astin, Jonathan W; Misa, June P; Flores, Maria V; Crosier, Kathryn E; Crosier, Philip SWe have generated novel transgenic lines that brightly mark the lymphatic system of zebrafish using the lyve1 promoter. Facilitated by these new transgenic lines, we generated a map of zebrafish lymphatic development up to 15 days post-fertilisation and discovered three previously uncharacterised lymphatic vessel networks: the facial lymphatics, the lateral lymphatics and the intestinal lymphatics. We show that a facial lymphatic vessel, termed the lateral facial lymphatic, develops through a novel developmental mechanism, which initially involves vessel growth through a single vascular sprout followed by the recruitment of lymphangioblasts to the vascular tip. Unlike the lymphangioblasts that form the thoracic duct, the lymphangioblasts that contribute to the lateral facial lymphatic vessel originate from a number of different blood vessels. Our work highlights the additional complexity of lymphatic vessel development in the zebrafish that may increase its versatility as a model of lymphangiogenesis.Item Is EAAT2 a potential therapeutic intervention target for Alzheimer's disease?(Wolters Kluwer, 2023-08) Wood, Oliver Wg; Yeung, Jason Hy; Kwakowsky, AndreaItem Vegfd can compensate for loss of Vegfc in zebrafish facial lymphatic sprouting(The Company of Biologists, 2014-07) Astin, Jonathan W; Haggerty, Michael JL; Okuda, Kazuhide S; Le Guen, Ludovic; Misa, June P; Tromp, Alisha; Hogan, Benjamin M; Crosier, Kathryn E; Crosier, Philip SLymphangiogenesis is a dynamic process that involves the sprouting of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from veins to form lymphatic vessels. Vegfr3 signalling, through its ligand Vegfc and the extracellular protein Ccbe1, is essential for the sprouting of LECs to form the trunk lymphatic network. In this study we determined whether Vegfr3, Vegfc and Ccbe1 are also required for development of the facial and intestinal lymphatic networks in the zebrafish embryo. Whereas Vegfr3 and Ccbe1 are required for the development of all lymphatic vessels, Vegfc is dispensable for facial lymphatic sprouting but not for the complete development of the facial lymphatic network. We show that zebrafish vegfd is expressed in the head, genetically interacts with ccbe1 and can rescue the lymphatic defects observed following the loss of vegfc. Finally, whereas knockdown of vegfd has no phenotype, double knockdown of both vegfc and vegfd is required to prevent facial lymphatic sprouting, suggesting that Vegfc is not essential for all lymphatic sprouting and that Vegfd can compensate for loss of Vegfc during lymphatic development in the zebrafish head.Item Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in Huntington's disease(Wolters Kluwer, 2025-01) Palpagama, Thulani H; Kwakowsky, AndreaItem Neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target in Huntington's disease(Wolters Kluwer, 2025-03) Kwakowsky, Andrea; Palpagama, Thulani HItem Prevalence and determinants of scabies: A global systematic review and meta-analysis(Wiley, 2024-12) Gupta, Saptorshi; Thornley, Simon; Morris, Arthur; Sundborn, Gerhard; Grant, CameronObjectives
Scabies is a neglected skin disease that disproportionately affects people from resource poor and overcrowded countries. Global data on prevalence and risk factors are limited. This article aims to estimate the global burden of scabies and identifies the risks associated with it.Methods
Databases (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Reviews) were accessed to identify studies of scabies prevalence published between 2000 and 2024. Results were pooled to estimate prevalence and identify factors, which explained between-study heterogeneity. Odds ratios (ORs), risk of bias, subgroup analyses and meta-regression were used to describe variation in effect size and heterogeneity based on country-level demographic and economic variables.Results
Seventy studies yielded a pooled prevalence of 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.60-14.7) with substantial heterogeneity I2=100%τ2=1.04 . Prevalence was highest in Oceania (17.9%; 95% CI: 13.9-22.8) compared to other regions. Pooled risk factors for scabies showed significant associations for demographic and behavioural factors including contact history with household members with itch (OR 11.3; 95% CI 4.82-26.51; I2=96% ; n = 7), lack of soap use (OR 3.41; 95% CI: 2.56-4.54; I2=44% ; n = 7), bed-sharing (OR 2.64; 95% CI: 1.50-4.63; I2=76% ; n = 7), sharing of clothes (OR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.58-4.03; I2=85% ; n = 7), infrequent bathing (OR 2.13; 95% CI: 1.41-3.22; I2=77% ; n = 6), presence of pets (OR 1.76; 95% CI: 1.08-2.87; I2=84% ; n = 4) and being a male (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04-1.37; I2=83% ; n = 22). Socioeconomic factors were not convincingly associated with scabies prevalence.Conclusion
Prevalence of scabies is associated with geographic location and behavioural factors, but not between-country socioeconomic status. In addition to mass drug administration, risk factors are identified which may be included in health promotion programmes to reduce scabies prevalence and its sequelae in the long term.Item A zebrafish model of inflammatory lymphangiogenesis(The Company of Biologists, 2015-09) Okuda, Kazuhide S; Misa, June Pauline; Oehlers, Stefan H; Hall, Christopher J; Ellett, Felix; Alasmari, Sultan; Lieschke, Graham J; Crosier, Kathryn E; Crosier, Philip S; Astin, Jonathan WInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disabling chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD patients have increased intestinal lymphatic vessel density and recent studies have shown that this may contribute to the resolution of IBD. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in IBD-associated lymphangiogenesis are still unclear. In this study, we established a novel inflammatory lymphangiogenesis model in zebrafish larvae involving colitogenic challenge stimulated by exposure to 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) or dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). Treatment with either TNBS or DSS resulted in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (Vegfr)-dependent lymphangiogenesis in the zebrafish intestine. Reduction of intestinal inflammation by the administration of the IBD therapeutic, 5-aminosalicylic acid, reduced intestinal lymphatic expansion. Zebrafish macrophages express vascular growth factors vegfaa, vegfc and vegfd and chemical ablation of these cells inhibits intestinal lymphatic expansion, suggesting that the recruitment of macrophages to the intestine upon colitogenic challenge is required for intestinal inflammatory lymphangiogenesis. Importantly, this study highlights the potential of zebrafish as an inflammatory lymphangiogenesis model that can be used to investigate the role and mechanism of lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory diseases such as IBD.Item Keeping Pace with the Industrial Metaverse(Taylor and Francis Group, 2024-01-01) Bate, GuyAs the digital and physical worlds become increasingly intertwined, the industrial metaverse is emerging as a transformative force, reshaping everything from product development and supply chain management to workforce training and operations. No longer a futuristic concept, the industrial metaverse is driving real-world efficiencies through technologies like digital twins, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and artificial intelligence (AI). As Ruokonen and Ritala make clear in their recent article “Getting the ‘Why, What, and How’ Right About Your Metaverse Strategy” published in Research-Technology Management (RTM), for innovation leaders the question seems no longer if but why, what, and how to harness the metaverse’s potential to stay competitive and future-proof their operations. To build upon their message, in this Resources column I present key resources that provide further actionable insights on how to leverage the industrial metaverse effectively, helping practitioners move beyond the hype to drive real innovation and business value.Item Rebleeding after secondary post-tonsillectomy bleeding: risk factors identified from a single-centre retrospective study of 448 cases(Wiley, 2024) Lee, Max; Wood, Andrew; Ahmadi, Omid; van der Werf, bert; Selvarajah, KumananItem Glutamatergic receptor expression changes in the Alzheimer's disease hippocampus and entorhinal cortex(Wiley, 2021-11) Yeung, Jason HY; Walby, Joshua L; Palpagama, Thulani H; Turner, Clinton; Waldvogel, Henry J; Faull, Richard LM; Kwakowsky, AndreaAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is the leading form of dementia worldwide. Currently, the pathological mechanisms underlying AD are not well understood. Although the glutamatergic system is extensively implicated in its pathophysiology, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the expression of glutamate receptors in the AD brain. This study aimed to characterize the expression of specific glutamate receptor subunits in post-mortem human brain tissue using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Free-floating immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to quantify the density of glutamate receptor subunits GluA2, GluN1, and GluN2A in specific cell layers of the hippocampal sub-regions, subiculum, entorhinal cortex, and superior temporal gyrus. Quantification of GluA2 expression in human post-mortem hippocampus revealed a significant increase in the stratum (str.) moleculare of the dentate gyrus (DG) in AD compared with control. Increased GluN1 receptor expression was found in the str. moleculare and hilus of the DG, str. oriens of the CA2 and CA3, str. pyramidale of the CA2, and str. radiatum of the CA1, CA2, and CA3 subregions and the entorhinal cortex. GluN2A expression was significantly increased in AD compared with control in the str. oriens, str. pyramidale, and str. radiatum of the CA1 subregion. These findings indicate that the expression of glutamatergic receptor subunits shows brain region-specific changes in AD, suggesting possible pathological receptor functioning. These results provide evidence of specific glutamatergic receptor subunit changes in the AD hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, indicating the requirement for further research to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms it entails, and further highlight the potential of glutamatergic receptor subunits as therapeutic targets.