Abstract:
The most common source of industrial plant fibers is the wood (secondary xylem) of both angiosperms (flowering plants) and coniferous gymnosperms. There is an extensive literature and considerable investment in research on these fibers. In contrast, much less is known about nonwood fibers, but this situation is changing rapidly. With increasing interest in sustainability and climate change, there is a resurgence in their traditional uses, together with an expansion in other uses, including the production of biomaterials and second-generation biofuels. This article focuses on only nonwood fibers.