Abstract:
Masonry is a composite material with highly variable and relatively uncertain anisotropic mechanical properties. In contrast to other construction materials such as reinforced concrete and steel, common modelling approaches are not fully applicable to unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings, and serious mistakes can easily be made if practitioners lack fundamental knowledge on how to model the specific characteristic of URM buildings. A New Zealand methodology for the detailed seismic evaluation of simple one- and two-storey URM buildings where extensive numerical modelling is not required, has been published. However, there is currently no New Zealand guidance available to practicing engineers regarding appropriate strategies for the numerical modelling of complex URM buildings. In response to this situation, a literature review was undertaken to summarise appropriate URM modelling techniques and subsequently determine best practices using available resources in the structural engineering industry. Major components of a numerical modelling strategy are first addressed, including modelling methods and analysis procedures, with a focus on modelling complex URM buildings to determine their potential seismic deficiencies. Furthermore, a simplified numerical modelling framework is promulgated as an easy-to-follow guidance for modelling the seismic response of complex URM buildings. A case study of the Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Timaru, New Zealand is used to illustrate the application of URM modelling to an actual project and to provide a technical reference for practicing engineers.
