Role of Family Communication Patterns in Development of Hardiness and Academic Self-Efficacy in Adolescents

Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to identify the developing roots of two effective psychological characteristics on success among adolescents: hardiness and academic self-efficacy. In this line, 250 students (117 females and 133 males) were selected among junior high schools in Shiraz, Iran, and participated in the study. The participants of the study filled out the family communication pattern questionnaire, the hardiness scale, and the academic self-efficacy sub-skill from the Motivated Strategy for Learning Questionnaire. The findings revealed that conversation orientation was a positive and significant predictor of psychological hardiness and academic self-efficacy, whereas conformity orientation was a significant and negative predictor of psychological hardiness. In addition, the results of the one way variance analysis, the multivariate analysis and the post hoc tests indicated that compared to consensual and laissez-faire families, pluralistic families nurture hardier children, however, the families did not show a significant difference with regard to their children’s self-efficacy