dc.contributor.author |
Craig, Jennifer |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Nichols, Kelly K |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Akpek, Esen K |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Caffery, Barbara |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Dua, Harminder S |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Joo, Choun-Ki |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Liu, Zuguo |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Nelson, J Daniel |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Nichols, Jason J |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Tsubota, Kazuo |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Stapleton, Fiona |
en |
dc.date.accessioned |
2018-11-05T22:42:40Z |
en |
dc.date.issued |
2017-07-20 |
en |
dc.identifier.issn |
1542-0124 |
en |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2292/43953 |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
The goals of the TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Subcommittee were to create an evidence-based definition and a contemporary classification system for dry eye disease (DED). The new definition recognizes the multifactorial nature of dry eye as a disease where loss of homeostasis of the tear film is the central pathophysiological concept. Ocular symptoms, as a broader term that encompasses reports of discomfort or visual disturbance, feature in the definition and the key etiologies of tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, and ocular surface inflammation and damage were determined to be important for inclusion in the definition. In the light of new data, neurosensory abnormalities were also included in the definition for the first time. In the classification of DED, recent evidence supports a scheme based on the pathophysiology where aqueous deficient and evaporative dry eye exist as a continuum, such that elements of each are considered in diagnosis and management. Central to the scheme is a positive diagnosis of DED with signs and symptoms, and this is directed towards management to restore homeostasis. The scheme also allows consideration of various related manifestations, such as non-obvious disease involving ocular surface signs without related symptoms, including neurotrophic conditions where dysfunctional sensation exists, and cases where symptoms exist without demonstrable ocular surface signs, including neuropathic pain. This approach is not intended to override clinical assessment and judgment but should prove helpful in guiding clinical management and research. |
en |
dc.format.medium |
Print-Electronic |
en |
dc.language |
eng |
en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
The ocular surface |
en |
dc.rights |
Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
en |
dc.rights.uri |
https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm |
en |
dc.subject |
Eye |
en |
dc.subject |
Tears |
en |
dc.subject |
Humans |
en |
dc.subject |
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca |
en |
dc.subject |
Dry Eye Syndromes |
en |
dc.title |
TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Report. |
en |
dc.type |
Journal Article |
en |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1016/j.jtos.2017.05.008 |
en |
pubs.issue |
3 |
en |
pubs.begin-page |
276 |
en |
pubs.volume |
15 |
en |
dc.rights.holder |
Copyright: The author |
en |
dc.identifier.pmid |
28736335 |
en |
pubs.end-page |
283 |
en |
pubs.publication-status |
Published |
en |
dc.rights.accessrights |
http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/RestrictedAccess |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Review |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Journal Article |
en |
pubs.elements-id |
644686 |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Medical and Health Sciences |
en |
pubs.org-id |
School of Medicine |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Ophthalmology Department |
en |
dc.identifier.eissn |
1937-5913 |
en |
pubs.record-created-at-source-date |
2017-07-25 |
en |
pubs.dimensions-id |
28736335 |
en |