dc.contributor.author |
Wong, Chit Ming |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Tsang, Hilda |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Lai, Hak Kan |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Thomas, G Neil |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Lam, Kin Bong |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Chan, King Pan |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Zheng, Qishi |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Ayres, Jon G |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Lee, Siu Yin |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Lam, Tai Hing |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Thach, Thuan Quoc |
en |
dc.date.accessioned |
2018-11-27T20:58:55Z |
en |
dc.date.issued |
2016-05 |
en |
dc.identifier.issn |
1055-9965 |
en |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2292/44637 |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
BACKGROUND:Few studies have assessed long-term effects of particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) on mortality for causes of cancer other than the lung; we assessed the effects on multiple causes. In Hong Kong, most people live and work in urban or suburban areas with high-rise buildings. This facilitates the estimation of PM2.5 exposure of individuals, taking into account the height of residence above ground level for assessment of the long-term health effects with sufficient statistical power. METHODS:We recruited 66,820 persons who were ≥65 in 1998 to 2001 and followed up for mortality outcomes until 2011. Annual concentrations of PM at their residential addresses were estimated using PM2.5 concentrations measured at fixed-site monitors, horizontal-vertical locations, and satellite data. We used Cox regression model to assess the HR of mortality for cancer per 10 μg/m(3) increase of PM2.5 RESULTS: PM2.5 was associated with increased risk of mortality for all causes of cancer [HR, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.11-1.34)] and for specific cause of cancer in upper digestive tract [1.42 (1.06-1.89)], digestive accessory organs [1.35 (1.06-1.71)] in all subjects; breast [1.80 (1.26-2.55)] in females; and lung [1.36 (1.05-1.77)] in males. CONCLUSIONS:Long-term exposures to PM2.5 are associated with elevated risks of cancer in various organs. IMPACT:This study is particularly timely in China, where compelling evidence is needed to support the pollution control policy to ameliorate the health damages associated with economic growth. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 839-45. ©2016 AACR. |
en |
dc.format.medium |
Print |
en |
dc.language |
eng |
en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology |
en |
dc.rights |
Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
en |
dc.rights.uri |
https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm |
en |
dc.subject |
Humans |
en |
dc.subject |
Neoplasms |
en |
dc.subject |
Air Pollutants |
en |
dc.subject |
Risk |
en |
dc.subject |
Survival Analysis |
en |
dc.subject |
Time Factors |
en |
dc.subject |
Aged |
en |
dc.subject |
Female |
en |
dc.subject |
Male |
en |
dc.title |
Cancer Mortality Risks from Long-term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particle. |
en |
dc.type |
Journal Article |
en |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0626 |
en |
pubs.issue |
5 |
en |
pubs.begin-page |
839 |
en |
pubs.volume |
25 |
en |
dc.rights.holder |
Copyright: The author |
en |
dc.identifier.pmid |
27197138 |
en |
pubs.end-page |
845 |
en |
pubs.publication-status |
Published |
en |
dc.rights.accessrights |
http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/RestrictedAccess |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
en |
pubs.subtype |
research-article |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Journal Article |
en |
pubs.elements-id |
687464 |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Medical and Health Sciences |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Population Health |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Social & Community Health |
en |
dc.identifier.eissn |
1538-7755 |
en |
pubs.record-created-at-source-date |
2016-05-20 |
en |
pubs.dimensions-id |
27197138 |
en |