Why choose between “train-and-place” or “place-and-train” when you can do both? Does simulated-setting training enhance job-site training for individuals with intellectual disabilities?

Abstract

Three individuals with intellectual disabilities were trained in job tasks in three different settings. The training settings were (1) job-site alone; (2) simulated-setting alone; and (3) a combination of job-site and simulated setting. A multiple-probe design across job tasks and participants was used to assess the effects of the different training settings on their independent performance of the job tasks. The goal of the study was to identify the training setting that is most efficient and effective for training individuals with intellectual disabilities in job tasks. The results revealed that for two of the participants, combined settings training was almost as efficient as job-site training, and even more effective than job-site training in terms of generalisation and maintenance. This suggests that combined-setting training is a viable alternative to enhance job-site training for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Directions for future research include enhancing simulated-setting training with electronic devices, and transferring the job training for delivery by co-workers.