Role of whānau in self-management for adults receiving haemodialysis in Aotearoa New Zealand: A qualitative study

Abstract

End stage renal disease (ESRD) is the most severe form of chronic kidney disease and a global health concern. Since there is no cure available for ESRD, controlling and self-managing this chronic disease, as well as minimising the negative effects are important aspects of treatment. This study was designed to explore the role of whānau (family, extended family) on selfmanagement of ESRD from the perspective of adults receiving haemodialysis. In Aotearoa New Zealand the role of whānau in self-management for adults receiving haemodialysis is of great importance, especially for Northland as this region has the second highest rate of ESRD in the country and large Māori population. A qualitative approach was used to address the research question: what are the perspectives of patients receiving haemodialysis on the role their whānau have in their self-management? Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven haemodialysis patients, of which five were Māori, attending a satellite renal unit in Northland, Aotearoa New Zealand. Thematic analysis identified three themes: support from whānau; whānau matter; and whānau as a barrier to self-management. Participants described the constant requirements of self-management in the context of their ongoing lives that include whānau and friends. The findings from this study emphasise previous research reporting that each individual's self-management behaviour is unique, but that a good support system helps self-managing ESRD and dialysis. Implications for nursing this population group comprise including whānau and friends in care provision wherever possible. Future research is needed to specifically address cultural issues relating to Māori experiencing ESRD