dc.contributor.author |
Soh, Kar Yan |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Hughes, Jacelyn |
en |
dc.contributor.author |
Proft, Thomas |
en |
dc.date.accessioned |
2020-02-12T23:32:06Z |
en |
dc.date.issued |
2020-04 |
en |
dc.identifier.issn |
0950-382X |
en |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2292/49951 |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
5'-nucleotidases (5'-NTs) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleoside monophosphates to produce nucleosides and phosphate. Since the identification of adenosine synthase A (AdsA) in Staphylococcus aureus in 2009, several other 5'-NTs have been discovered in Gram-positive cocci, mainly in streptococci. Despite some differences in substrate specificity, pH range and metal ion requirements, all characterized 5'-NTs use AMP and ADP, and in some cases ATP, to produce the immunosuppressive adenosine, which dampens pro-inflammatory immune responses. Several 5'-NTs are also able to use dAMP as substrate to generate deoxy-adenosine which is cytotoxic for macrophages. A synergy between 5'-NTs and exonucleases which are commonly expressed in Gram-positive cocci has been described, where the nucleases provide dAMP as a cleavage product from DNA. Some of these nucleases produce dAMP by degrading the DNA backbone of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) resulting in a "double hit" strategy of immune evasion. This Micro Review provides an overview of the biochemical properties of Gram-positive cell wall-anchored 5'-NTs and their role as virulence factors. A potential use of 5'-NTs for vaccine development is also briefly discussed. |
en |
dc.format.medium |
Print-Electronic |
en |
dc.language |
eng |
en |
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Molecular microbiology |
en |
dc.rights |
Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
en |
dc.rights.uri |
https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm |
en |
dc.title |
Cell wall-anchored 5'-nucleotidases in Gram-positive cocci. |
en |
dc.type |
Journal Article |
en |
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1111/mmi.14442 |
en |
pubs.issue |
4 |
en |
pubs.begin-page |
691 |
en |
pubs.volume |
113 |
en |
dc.rights.holder |
Copyright: The author |
en |
pubs.end-page |
698 |
en |
pubs.publication-status |
Published |
en |
dc.rights.accessrights |
http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/RestrictedAccess |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Review |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Journal Article |
en |
pubs.elements-id |
790677 |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Medical and Health Sciences |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Medical Sciences |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Molecular Medicine |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Science |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Science Research |
en |
pubs.org-id |
Maurice Wilkins Centre (2010-2014) |
en |
dc.identifier.eissn |
1365-2958 |
en |
pubs.record-created-at-source-date |
2019-12-25 |
en |
pubs.dimensions-id |
31872460 |
en |