Abstract:
The electrical function of the atria is closely related to their structure, both in health and disease. Atrial structural remodelling occurs progressively with ageing, obesity and heart disease, and it is closely linked with rhythm disorders like atrial fibrillation (AF). For example, structural changes including dilation of the atrial chambers, fibrosis, and cellular necrosis contribute directly to increased risk of persistent AF. On the other hand, repeated episodes of AF amplify this atrial structural remodelling due to inflammation and oxidative stress, and magnify the probability that AF will become permanent.....