dc.contributor.author |
Walker, Natalie |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Smith, Barry |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Barnes, Joanne |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Verbiest, Marjolein |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Parag, Varsha |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Pokhrel, Subhash |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Wharakura, Mary-Kaye |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Lees, Tina |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Cubillos Gutierrez, Huber |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Jones, Brian |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Bullen, Christopher |
|
dc.coverage.spatial |
England |
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2022-07-27T21:36:37Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2022-07-27T21:36:37Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2021-10 |
|
dc.identifier.citation |
(2021). Addiction, 116(10), 2847-2858. |
|
dc.identifier.issn |
0965-2140 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
https://hdl.handle.net/2292/60614 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
<h4>Aim</h4>To determine whether cytisine was at least as effective as varenicline in supporting smoking abstinence for ≥ 6 months in New Zealand indigenous Māori or whānau (extended-family) of Māori, given the high smoking prevalence in this population.<h4>Design</h4>Pragmatic, open-label, randomized, community-based non-inferiority trial.<h4>Setting</h4>Bay of Plenty, Tokoroa and Lakes District Health Board regions of New Zealand.<h4>Participants</h4>Adult daily smokers who identified as Māori or whānau of Māori, were motivated to quit in the next 2 weeks, were aged ≥ 18 years and were eligible for subsidized varenicline. Recruitment used multi-media advertising.<h4>Interventions</h4>A total of 679 people were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to receive a prescription for 12 weeks of cytisine or varenicline, plus low-intensity cessation behavioural support from the prescribing doctor and community stop-smoking services or a research assistant. Day 5 of treatment was the designated quit date.<h4>Measurements</h4>The primary outcome was carbon monoxide-verified continuous abstinence at 6 months, analysed as intention-to-treat (with multiple imputation for missing data). Secondary outcomes measured at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-quit date included: self-reported continuous abstinence, 7-day point prevalence abstinence, cigarettes per day, time to (re)lapse, adverse events, treatment adherence/compliance and acceptability, nicotine withdrawal/urge to smoke and health-care utilization/health-related quality of life.<h4>Findings</h4>Verified continuous abstinence rates at 6 months post-quit date were 12.1% (41 of 337) for cytisine versus 7.9% (27 of 342) for varenicline [risk difference 4.29%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.22 to 8.79; relative risk 1.55; 95% CI = 0.97-2.46]. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that the findings were robust. Self-reported adverse events over 6 months occurred significantly more frequently in the varenicline group (cytisine: 313 events in 111 participants; varenicline: 509 events in 138 participants, incidence rate ratio 0.56, 95% CI = 0.49-0.65, P < 0.001) compared with the cytisine group. Common adverse events were headache, nausea and difficulty sleeping.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A randomized controlled trial found that cytisine was at least as effective as varenicline at supporting smoking abstinence in New Zealand indigenous Māori or whānau (extended-family) of Māori, with significantly fewer adverse events. |
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dc.format.medium |
Print-Electronic |
|
dc.language |
eng |
|
dc.publisher |
Wiley |
|
dc.relation.ispartofseries |
Addiction (Abingdon, England) |
|
dc.rights |
Items in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. |
|
dc.rights.uri |
https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htm |
|
dc.rights.uri |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
|
dc.subject |
Humans |
|
dc.subject |
Alkaloids |
|
dc.subject |
Azocines |
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dc.subject |
Quinolizines |
|
dc.subject |
Treatment Outcome |
|
dc.subject |
Smoking Cessation |
|
dc.subject |
Quality of Life |
|
dc.subject |
Adult |
|
dc.subject |
New Zealand |
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dc.subject |
Varenicline |
|
dc.subject |
Cytisine |
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dc.subject |
indigenous |
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dc.subject |
non-inferiority |
|
dc.subject |
smoking |
|
dc.subject |
trial |
|
dc.subject |
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities |
|
dc.subject |
Substance Abuse |
|
dc.subject |
Clinical Research |
|
dc.subject |
Cancer |
|
dc.subject |
Tobacco |
|
dc.subject |
Tobacco Smoke and Health |
|
dc.subject |
Prevention |
|
dc.subject |
6.1 Pharmaceuticals |
|
dc.subject |
6 Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions |
|
dc.subject |
3 Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being |
|
dc.subject |
3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing |
|
dc.subject |
Mental health |
|
dc.subject |
Respiratory |
|
dc.subject |
Science & Technology |
|
dc.subject |
Life Sciences & Biomedicine |
|
dc.subject |
Psychiatry |
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dc.subject |
non‐ |
|
dc.subject |
inferiority |
|
dc.subject |
RECEPTOR PARTIAL AGONIST |
|
dc.subject |
FAGERSTROM TEST |
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dc.subject |
STOP SMOKING |
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dc.subject |
NICOTINE |
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dc.subject |
EFFICACY |
|
dc.subject |
11 Medical and Health Sciences |
|
dc.subject |
17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences |
|
dc.title |
Cytisine versus varenicline for smoking cessation in New Zealand indigenous Māori: a randomized controlled trial. |
|
dc.type |
Journal Article |
|
dc.identifier.doi |
10.1111/add.15489 |
|
pubs.issue |
10 |
|
pubs.begin-page |
2847 |
|
pubs.volume |
116 |
|
dc.date.updated |
2022-06-08T22:18:02Z |
|
dc.rights.holder |
Copyright: The author |
en |
dc.identifier.pmid |
33761149 (pubmed) |
|
pubs.author-url |
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33761149 |
|
pubs.end-page |
2858 |
|
pubs.publication-status |
Published |
|
dc.rights.accessrights |
http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess |
en |
pubs.subtype |
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
|
pubs.subtype |
research-article |
|
pubs.subtype |
Randomized Controlled Trial |
|
pubs.subtype |
Journal Article |
|
pubs.elements-id |
845282 |
|
pubs.org-id |
Medical and Health Sciences |
|
pubs.org-id |
Pharmacy |
|
pubs.org-id |
Population Health |
|
pubs.org-id |
Pacific Health |
|
dc.identifier.eissn |
1360-0443 |
|
pubs.record-created-at-source-date |
2022-06-09 |
|
pubs.online-publication-date |
2021-10 |
|