Abstract:
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of lipid kinase enzymes, which catalyse the phosphorylation of the 3′-hydroxyl position of the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate (PIP 2 ) to give the messenger molecule phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP 3 ) (Scheme 1). This then participates in a variety of physiological processes, including cell growth and differentiation. 1 The PI3Ks are divided into three classes (I-III) based on their structure, mode of regulation, and substrate specificity. ...