Petroni, Maria LCaletti, Maria TDalle Grave, RiccardoBazzocchi, AlbertoAparisi Gómez, Maria PMarchesini, Giulio2024-12-012024-12-012019-06(2019). Nutrients, 11(6), E1302-.2072-6643https://hdl.handle.net/2292/70831Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is referred to as the combination of obesity with low skeletal muscle mass and function. However, its definition and diagnosis is debated. SO represents a sizable risk factor for the development of disability, possibly with a worse prognosis in women. The present narrative review summarizes the current evidence on pharmacological, nutrition and exercise strategies on the prevention and/or treatment of SO in middle-aged and older-aged women. A literature search was carried out in Medline and Google Scholar between 29th January and 14th March 2019. Only controlled intervention studies on mid-age and older women whose focus was on the prevention and/or treatment of sarcopenia associated with obesity were included. Resistance training (RT) appears effective in the prevention of all components of SO in women, resulting in significant improvements in muscular mass, strength, and functional capacity plus loss of fat mass, especially when coupled with hypocaloric diets containing at least 0.8 g/kg body weight protein. Correction of vitamin D deficit has a favorable effect on muscle mass. Treatment of SO already established is yet unsatisfactory, although intense and prolonged RT, diets with higher (1.2 g/kg body weight) protein content, and soy isoflavones all look promising. However, further confirmatory research and trials combining different approaches are required.ElectronicItems in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher.https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htmhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Muscle, SkeletalAdipose TissueHumansVitamin D DeficiencyObesityIsoflavonesDietary ProteinsDietAgingFemaleMuscle StrengthResistance TrainingSarcopeniaPhysical Functional PerformanceGlycine maxbody compositionexercisehormone replacement treatmentnutritionphysical therapyphytoestrogenssarcopenic obesity32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences3210 Nutrition and Dietetics42 Health SciencesPreventionMusculoskeletal0908 Food Sciences1111 Nutrition and Dietetics3202 Clinical sciences4206 Public healthJournal Article10.3390/nu110613022024-11-27Copyright: The authors31181771 (pubmed)http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess2072-6643nu11061302