Miller, Gillean CBarker, DavidPilkington, Lisa IDeed, Rebecca C2024-06-092024-06-092023-08(2023). Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 415(20), 5035-5047.1618-2642https://hdl.handle.net/2292/68708γ-Nonalactone is a linear aliphatic lactone ubiquitous in wine, associated with coconut, sweet, and stone fruit aroma descriptors. Little research has been conducted looking at the importance of this compound to New Zealand (NZ) wine aroma. ²H₂¹³C₂-γ-Nonalactone, a novel isotopologue of γ-nonalactone, was synthesised in this work for use in a stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) for quantification of γ-nonalactone in NZ Pinot noir wines for the first time. Synthesis was carried out using heptaldehyde as the starting material, and ¹³C atoms and ²H atoms were introduced via Wittig olefination and deuterogenation steps, respectively. The suitability of this compound as an internal standard was demonstrated by spiking model wine at normal and elevated conditions during sample preparation, with subsequent analysis via mass spectrometry showing stability of ²H₂¹³C₂-γ-nonalactone. A model wine calibration, with concentrations of γ-nonalactone from 0 to 100 µg L^-1, was shown to have excellent linearity (R² > 0.99), reproducibility (0.72%), and repeatability (0.38%). Twelve NZ Pinot noir wines, representative of a range of NZ Pinot noir-producing regions, prices, and vintages, were analysed by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS). The concentrations of γ-nonalactone ranged from 8.3 to 22.5 µg L^-1, the latter of which was close to the odour detection threshold of this compound. These findings provide a basis for further research into γ-nonalactone and its impact on NZ Pinot noir aroma and provide a robust method for the quantification of this compound in Pinot noir.Print-ElectronicItems in ResearchSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated. Previously published items are made available in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher.https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/docs/uoa-docs/rights.htmhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/VitisIsotopesReproducibility of ResultsWineNew ZealandGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAromaPinot noirSIDAγ-Nonalactone3401 Analytical Chemistry34 Chemical SciencesScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicinePhysical SciencesBiochemical Research MethodsChemistry, AnalyticalBiochemistry & Molecular BiologyChemistrygamma-NonalactoneSOLID-PHASE EXTRACTIONGAS-CHROMATOGRAPHYACTIVE COMPOUNDSRED WINESQUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATIONVOLATILE COMPOUNDSDELTA-LACTONESGRAPETRACE03 Chemical Sciences06 Biological Sciences09 Engineering31 Biological sciences40 EngineeringJournal Article10.1007/s00216-023-04789-22024-05-09Copyright: The authors37308618 (pubmed)http://purl.org/eprint/accessRights/OpenAccess1618-265010.1007/s00216-023-04789-2