Chapters, Books & Reports

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Ecologies of Resistance and Alternative Spatial Practices
(Routledge, 2024-11-22) Bobic, Nikolina; Haghighi, Farzaneh; Haghighi, Farzaneh; Bobic, Nikolina
To bring change at societal, cultural, political and economic levels has an inherent spatial dimension. The urgency is to escape from corporate, bureaucratic and consumer-driven power structures in architecture and urban design. Consequently, architecture and the urban are essential tools to establish participatory democracy, address climate change and ethically engage with human rights and spatial justice. This chapter highlights the possibility of alternative spatial practices that do not reproduce the same disparities or oppressive systems they were set out to unsettle. We must redefine the boundaries of architecture and the urban by acknowledging that societal challenges span multiple disciplines. Simultaneously, this shift necessitates critical spatial thinking and adaptation to the complex and evolving nature of contemporary contexts. Radical innovative architecture and urban approaches will only emerge through a slow revolution that involves constituencies, agonism and leveraging limited resources. This model may lead to ethical spaces that would promote social justice, equity and inclusivity across various sectors in response to a multitude of crises. Caution should be taken with design approaches claiming to be sustainable, green, participatory or reformist. Operative democracies are not a given. We need to critically analyze any project claiming to be alternative and question whether the proclaimed emancipatory and esthetic practices have the potential to problematize the status quo. Moreover, architects and urbanists should recognize and repair the harm their discipline and professions have caused under the oppressive legacies of imperialism and colonialism. This includes reimagining the environment as a complex ecology beyond human concerns. The envisioning of which would give architecture and urbanism agency to create new ways of ethical, collective and ecological ways of living while addressing the challenges of the 21st century.
Higher Education in Closing Spaces: Thematic Case Studies of Resilience in Closed and Closing Space
(USAID, 2024-10-01) Couch, Daniel; Marlowe, Jay; Ibarguen Asprilla, Darlin; Shah, Ritesh
This case study report examines the resilience of higher education institutions (HEIs) in both closed and closing spaces. In these settings, higher education is marked by uncertainty, instability, inaccessibility, and/or insecurity, and HEIs face significant challenges to safely and effectively carry out their core functions due to the broader political context.
The Glory of Motherhood Shackles Economic Development
(Taylor & Francis, 2024-06-11) Bandyopadhyay, Debasis
In some societies, the glory of motherhood has continued since the Malthusian era of high birth rates and poverty traps. The Unified Growth Theory explains how women’s participation at work for earning increases suddenly following the demographic transition at the end of the Malthusian phase. However, Indian data on economic development poses a puzzle. Despite the recent economic growth and rising education levels, India still has one of the world’s lowest female labor force participation rates (FLFPR). We explore if the concern for safety and stigma from crime against women (CAW) that tarnishes the motherhood glory can explain this puzzle. We assume that the depth of this gender-biased (GB) norm varies across different Indian states, affecting the labor force participation of both genders. However, we cannot directly measure them. So, we design an algorithm to measure it indirectly by first investigating how different types of CAW affect the gender gaps in participation. Then, by calculating the time-invariant factors in a state-fixed-effects regression, we measure the depth of gender bias in multiple ways. We find significantly negative correlations between our estimated measures of GB and the gender equality statistics reported by McKinsey Global Institute and other survey data. We see that the shackle of the motherhood-first norm depresses women’s participation, and higher women’s participation raises male backlash against women’s quest for breaking that shackle.
Copyright reversion: Debates, data, and directions
(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023-06-15) Yuvaraj, Joshua; Schovsbo, Jens
This perceptive book focuses on the interplay between the substantive provisions of intellectual property (IP) rights and the rules of enforcement.
The Distance to China Twentieth-Century Italian Travel Narratives of Patriotism, Commitment and Disillusion (1898-1985)
(Peter Lang, 2022) Basilone, Linetto; Antello, Pierpaolo; Gordon, Robert
Over the course of the twentieth century, China became a destination of choice for hundreds of the most prominent Italian writers, journalists, and politicians. Informed by the cultural, economic, and political relationship between Italy and China since the late 1890s, the travel narratives of these authors contributed to the creation of multiple and varied representations of the country. This book fills a gap in the study of the development of Italian travel narratives on twentieth-century China. It classifies the major portraits of China under five chronologically and ideologically ordered types of representation and offers readers a structured understanding of the processes of «writing» China in Italy. The study sheds new light on how China was associated with the specific cultural, political, and social traits of Italy and Italian culture; how it reinforced ideological indoctrination among Italian intellectual elites; and how significant such travel narratives were for the ideological orientation of the Italian readership. The authors discussed in the book include, among others: Luigi Barzini Sr., Mario Appelius, Arnaldo Cipolla, Franco Fortini, Carlo Cassola, Curzio Malaparte, Alberto Moravia, Goffredo Parise, Maria Antonietta Macciocchi, Gianni Rodari, Luigi Malerba, Alberto Arbasino, Edoarda Masi, and Tiziano Terzani.
Promoting resilience in children and young people
(2024-09-18) Kim, Seungyeon; Low, Felicia
There is an urgent need to cultivate resilience in children and ensure that they can safely navigate adversity. To this end, it is important to understand how resilience is built in children and what strategies can be implemented to promote it. Beyond the contribution of caregivers and peers, resilience can be built through robust programmes delivered in early childhood education centres through to high school so that as many children as possible can be reached. Programmes should focus on developing capabilities that provide the foundation for resilience. These capabilities include cognitive function, problem-solving strategies, communication skills, interpersonal skills, and self-regulation skills. Within the New Zealand context, young people living in impoverished neighbourhoods, rangatahi Māori and rainbow youth show greater signs of mental distress than others. Mental distress may have intergenerational consequences because maternal stress during pregnancy is linked to impaired executive functions in the child that may affect their resilience. The psychological distress that results from economic pressures can also limit the care that parents give to their children. It is therefore important that resource-building strategies are co-designed and co-developed with these young people, their families, and their whānau so that their circumstances and needs are addressed. The strategies should include two key points: firstly, promoting perinatal mental well-being, and secondly, raising awareness of the importance of caregivers engaging in serve-and-return interactions, both during play and when reading to their children during early childhood. Helping caregivers understand the value of these approaches, plus how to achieve them, can be facilitated by healthcare providers such as GPs and midwives, and service providers such as Well Child providers and other social support services. Programmes and resources that focus on teaching serve-and-return interactions, enhancing parenting skills and parental wellbeing, and teaching strategies to resolve family conflict can be highly valuable, as well as services that assist families in caring for their children, particularly for families where time and resources are limited due to financial or circumstantial constraints.
Community-level decision making: Dealing with mobility Thematic Paper 4
(2024-06-30) Underhill-Sem, Yvonne; Newport, Christina; Ng Shiu, Roannie
This paper describes the processes and structures that communities undertake in making decisions around mobility, environmental challenges, and climate change. Drawing on examples from the 17 communities in which primary research was undertaken, we provide insights into the factors that communities consider when facing the prospect of moving. Examples from communities that have relocated are useful in understanding the multidimensional features of mobility patterns. The research findings and themes provide evidence for place-based research that highlights the full continuum of mobility decision making within Pacific communities. Therefore, we argue that policies and understandings around climate mobility decision making need to move beyond simplistic mobility dichotomies such as ‘stay or go,’ or ‘mobile and immobile’ to consider a continuum of mobilities. In this way, policymakers will gain a greater appreciation of the multidimensional nature of decision making when designing and implementing mobility plans and policy interventions.
Climate migration and Tokelauan language endangerment
(Taylor & Francis, 2024-08-28) Brown, Jason; Middleton, John; Pue, Iutana
Migration motivated by anthropogenic climate change is expected to affect a significant population of individuals in the near-to-immediate future. As a direct consequence of climate change and the subsequent migration that it triggers, migrant languages face an existential threat. This chapter examines the flow-on effect of climate change to Pacific languages, and how this leads to an increased demand for language resources and translation services for migrant languages. This will be highlighted by observing the case study of Tokelau, an island state which is expected to be among the first to suffer the consequences of climate change, and where migration has already resulted in more Tokelauan speakers being located in diasporic regions than in the islands themselves.
Early investment: A key to reversing intergenerational disadvantage and inequity in Aotearoa New Zealand
(Koi Tū: The Centre for Informed Futures, 2023-12-06) Morreau, Johan; Low, Felicia
With 30 percent of Aotearoa New Zealand children not having their basic needs met Koi Tū is calling for the country’s investment in the earliest life stages to be stepped up and well implemented. Dr Felicia Low, head of the Knowledge Hub for Maternal and Child Health at Koi Tū and Dr Johan Morreau, a retired general and community paediatrician and former chief medical advisor at Lakes District Health Board, have produced this evidence brief Early investment: A key to reversing intergenerational disadvantage and inequity in Aotearoa New Zealand. This brief focuses on the evidential base for policies aimed at reversing intergenerational disadvantage and inequity. Increased spending on health, upskilling and social support for parents and families over the first 2000 days, starting from conception and continuing through pregnancy and childhood, would be one of the most cost-effective interventions possible.
Early investment: A key to reversing intergenerational disadvantage and inequity in Aotearoa New Zealand [Evidence Brief Summary]
(Koi Tū: The Centre for Informed Futures, 2023-12-06) Morreau, Johan; Low, Felicia
Since the late 1980s there has been a dramatic escalation in whānau and child poverty in Aotearoa New Zealand that has persisted to the present day. Children born into deprivation from the late 1980s now comprise a cohort of new parents whose children are at greater risk of experiencing a continued cycle of disadvantage.
Teacher education and professionalization
(2023-11-20) Ell, Fiona
The Power of Genomics
(Springer Nature, 2024) Henare, Kimiora; Connon, Mackenzie K; Caron, Nadine R; Brown, Alex; Garvey, Gail
The promise of genomics-guided precision oncology is highlighted by recent approvals of molecularly guided therapies coupled with companion diagnostic tests. A critical limitation of genomics-guided oncology is that it is unlikely to serve Indigenous cancer patients unless Indigenous rights-based approaches to genomics-guided cancer research and clinical care are prioritized. Relevant Indigenous datasets that can support precision oncology are needed. Indigenous access to and governance over key infrastructure are needed. We must grow and empower an Indigenous workforce with subject matter expertise and clinical acumen to ensure that genomics-guided precision oncology can sustainably benefit Indigenous cancer patients
Reviewing Worker and Producer Cooperative Contributions Toward SDG8 in Developing and Developed Economies
(Springer Nature, 2024) Siedlok, Frank; Callagher, Lisa; Korber, Stefan
Working Memory and English Language Learning: Implications for Classroom-Based Research
(Springer Nature, 2024) Vanek, Norbert; Cirocki, Andrzej; Indrarathne, Bimali; McCulloch, Sharon
This chapter builds on recent experimental findings to highlight the role of working memory in second language (L2) learning. It surveys the most commonly employed measures of working memory capacity, synthesises trend-setting empirical evidence that links individual components of working memory to specific learning processes, and uses concrete examples of task features to highlight the impact that working memory can have on second language performance. The approach here is to introduce the key concepts and connect them to the main research findings relevant to English language learners. Well-established components of working memory are defined together with explanations of their specific function, illustrations from openly accessible working memory span tasks for second language research, and, crucially, all combined with direct applicability in language classroom settings. This chapter centres on two working memory components, phonological and executive, shows how they influence specific L2 performance (namely new vocabulary learning and grammatical inferencing), and suggests how working memory tests can be effectively integrated into the teaching process. An important message is to show how one component, phonological working memory, is tied more closely to the acquisition of words and semantic features, while a different component, executive working memory, supports attention regulation and self-monitoring during learning. This approach serves here as an encouragement to do classroom-based research on working memory and L2 development, with sensitivity to learners’ individual differences.
From blogging to podcasting: Boosting critical voices in social work
(Routledge, 2024-10-23) Stanfield, Deb; Beddoe, Liz; Fox, Mim; Singer, Jonathan B
This chapter will discuss opportunities in promoting critical and diverse voices through podcasting. The Aotearoa New Zealand Reimagining Social Work collective formed in 2014 in response to increasingly neoliberal regimes, rapid reforms of child welfare, and the ongoing silencing of many social workers employed by the state. The small collective of social work academics began a public blog intended to galvanise the profession and provide a vehicle for speaking back publicly to the dominance of neoliberal ideals. What began as a small cooperative project continues to gain momentum and is approaching 1,000 followers. It has become a collaborative effort to provide alternative views and responses to pressing problems and includes social work practitioners, academics, educators, unions, and other radical social work groups. In 2018, inspired by the development of new technology, and its increasing use in social work education, the collective began to publish podcasts on the blog, interviewing practitioners, academics and each other to provide an alternate medium for followers as well as for some a more accessible way for some practitioners to share their voice on matters critical to the profession. Our podcasts are promoted to a wider audience via social media platforms. This chapter will draw on our experiences as members of this blogging collective and will feature several brief case studies to illustrate some of the benefits and challenges of using podcast to create space for a diversity of social work voices.
Fundamentals of Technology Entrepreneurship
(Routledge, 2025-02-11) Bate, Guy; Callagher, Lisa; Munoz, J Mark; Terzidis, Orestis
Technological innovation is often associated with the work of large, well-established companies. However, many new technologies are commercialized by teams of scientists and engineers who are “technology entrepreneurs”. Technology entrepreneurship can be thought of in terms of the capabilities and processes that permit the mobilization of scientific and technological knowledge, translating it into new products and services. This chapter introduces some terms and concepts that are relevant to technology entrepreneurship, many of which are then covered in more detail elsewhere in the book. First, it offers some basic definitions. Second, it considers how technology entrepreneurs explore and evaluate opportunities, and introduces the idea of the “value proposition”. Third, it describes how opportunities are exploited, indicating how value can be delivered and captured through a well-designed business model. Finally, it covers the technology venture, introducing planning and pitching, venture resourcing, and venture financing. Overall, the chapter acts as a foundational reference for scientists and engineers interested in technology commercialization.
Ko ngā kaumātua ō tātou taonga: Supporting kaumātua health in a changing world - Noho Waananga with Kaumaatua from Waikato-Tainui
(2024-07-15) Muru-Lanning, Marama; Pouwhare, Robert; Dawes, Tia; Lapsley, Hilary; Hopa, Ngapare; Dixon, Ngahuia; Tukiri, Charmaine; Jones, Nicholas; Thomson, Hone
In April 2021 the James Henare Research Centre, Waipapa Taumata Rau University of Auckland, sponsored a noho waananga with ruuruhi and kaumaatua from the rohe of Waikato-Tainui. It was held over a two-day period. The waananga explored participants’ experiences and understandings of ageing, kaumaatuatanga, hauora, health services and maatauranga Maaori.
Ko ngā kaumātua ō tātou taonga: Supporting kaumātua health in a changing world - Noho wānanga with kaumātua from Tauranga Moana
(2024-07-15) Muru-Lanning, Marama; Dawes, Tia; Lapsley, Hilary; Hopa, Ngapare; Dixon, Ngahuia; Tukiri, Charmaine; Jones, Nicholas; Nepia, Moana; Thomson, Hone
Ko ngā kaumātua ō tātou taonga: Supporting kaumātua health in a changing world - Noho wānanga with kaumātua from Hokianga
(2024-07-20) Pouwhare, Robert; Dawes, Tia; Lapsley, Hilary; Muru-Lanning, Marama; Moore, Cilla; Tukiri, Charmaine; Jones, Nicholas; de Silva, Tommy
Ko ngā kaumātua ō tātou taonga: Supporting kaumātua health in a changing world - Noho wānanga with kaumātua from Te Hiku o te Ika a Māui
(2024-07-15) Muru-Lanning, Marama; Pouwhare, Robert; Dawes, Tia; Lapsley, Hilary; Moore, Cilla; Barber, Mere; Barber, Tony; Tukiri, Charmaine; Jones, Nicholas; de Silva, Tommy

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